Macular findings in highly myopic eyes using OCT and its correlation to refractive state, axial length and visual acuity

Abstract

Purpose: To detect macular findings in subjects with high axial myopia using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and to correlate these findings with refractive state, axial length and visual acuity.

Methods: Observational case study involved 100 eyes of 60 subjects with high axial myopia. Spectral domain-OCT was used to examine all eyes and scans were performed on vertical planes. The presence or absence of macular abnormalities was reported.

Results: The findings in the studied 100 eyes were as follows: retinoschisis (6%), epiretinal membrane (6%), foveoschisis (2%), choroidal neovascular membrane (4%), partial posterior vitreous detachment (4%), macular scar (4%), combined (31%) and normal appearance (43%).

Conclusions: This study concluded that the macula in highly myopic eyes may be normal without any pathologic findings in 43% of cases and it may have one or more pathologic findings in 57% of cases. There is no specific macular finding for a given refractive state or axial length. Macular scar and CNV are associated with the worst visual acuity.