Oral versus topical vitamin A antioxidant in treatment of dry eye syndrome

Abstract

Purpose: Is to explore the safety and compare the efficacy of oral (systemic) vitamin A antioxidant with topical vitamin A (eye drops) in treatment of dry eye syndrome and the lasting period of their effects after cessation of therapies.

Patients and methods: This study has been conducted on 160 eye of 80 patients (aging from 19 to 65 years) divided randomly into two groups; group A and B.

Group A: 40 patients; 80 eyes (24 males and 16 females) receiving eye drops containing lubricant and topical vitamin A, this eye drop was given to these patients as one drop in each eye every 4 hours during the waking hours for 6 months.

Group B: 40 patients; 80 eyes (29 males and 11 females) receiving topical lubricant eye drops used as on drop in each eye every 4 hours during the waking hours, and oral vitamin A in the form of capsule given once daily at fixed time for 6 months. Each capsule contains provitamin A (beta-carotene) and other antioxidant formula.

Results: According to dry eye patient questionnaire, Shirmer’s test, and tear break-up time, both treatments relieved dry eye symptoms, but it was earlier, better, and lasting longer in group of oral vitamin A antioxidant.

Conclusion: Oral vitamin A antioxidant was more effective and has a lasting effect much longer than topical one. So, it becomes recommended to consider oral vitamin A antioxidant with lubricant eye drops in treatment of dry eye syndrome to relieve symptoms and correct the underlying pathologies including the ocular surface and lacrimal gland.