Role of adipokines in the development of diabetic renal vascular complication

Abstract

Adipokine, the adipocyte-derived cytokine, plays a role in the establishment of vascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Adipokine, excreted from active adipocyte, continuously accelerates insulin resistance and chronic inflammation process in the pathophysiology of T2DM, resulting in the development of systemic macro-vascular injury, and may also promote atherosclerosis and endothelial dysfunction of the micro-vascular wall. Leptin, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, complement proteins, and adiponectin are known as adipokines in capable of several actions to both systemic macro-vessels and local micro-vessels in organ. In this review, these adipokines are high-lighted and discussed in the development of diabetic renal complication.