Clinical Diagnosis of Retinal Vein Occlusion

Abstract

Retinal vein occlusions are among the commonest of vascular diseases affecting the retina. They may be the presenting sign of systemic disease and complications of retinal vein occlusion are associated with significant visual dysfunction. This article describes signs and symptoms associated with the spectrum of retinal vein occlusions. Clinical diagnosis is invaluable in identification of features of the disease, its complications and to indicate associated risk factors. Besides a description of conventional investigations, recent imaging modalities (Ultra-widefield angiography and OCT angiography) that have shed new light on vein occlusions are also briefly dealt with.