FODMAP Rich Foods Intake Related to Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Healthy Adults

Abstract

AIM: Investigate the relationship between the frequency of FODMAP rich food intake and gastrointestinal symptoms in healthy adults.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with healthy individuals based on an electronic survey platform. Inclusion criteria included ages between 19 and 75, both genders, resident of Rio de Janeiro, not have been previously diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome or other gastrointestinal diseases and that agreed with the informed consent form. Stool appearance and consistency was evaluated using the Bristol Scale, bowel movement frequency using a closed question, frequency of specific gastrointestinal symptoms (abdominal pain, abdominal distension, abdominal discomfort, flatulence and intestinal or stomach sounds) through a Likert scale, and FODMAP rich food intake using a food frequency questionnaire.

RESULTS: Flatulence was the most frequent symptom reported, along with intestinal/stomach sounds and abdominal discomfort. Despite this profile, stool consistency and bowel movements were consistent with the expected for a healthy individual. The most frequently consumed FODMAP rich foods were onions and/or garlic; biscuits, cakes and breads; cheese; milk and legumes. The presence of legumes, rich in oligosaccharides, as one of the most cited foods reflects the dietary pattern of the population, differently from other studies.

CONCLUSION: Even in the absence of gastrointestinal disorders FODMAP could elicit uncomfortable symptoms and the identification of the particular foods responsible could contribute to a more individualized dietary advice.