Simultaneous Combined Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt and Partial Splenic Embolization for Decompensated Cirrhosis

Abstract

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) in combination with partial splenic arterial embolization (PSE) for cirrhotic patients with recurrent variceal bleeding and hypersplenism.

METHODS: Institutional review board approval was obtained; all patients provided informed consent. From January 2010 to December 2014, a total of 141 cirrhotic patients received TIPS alone(group A, n=114) and simultaneous combined TIPS and PSE(group B, n=27) for recurrent variceal bleeding and hypersplenism secondary to portal hypertension. The TIPS was created by using covered stents. All patients underwent embolotherapy via the jugular vein after TIPS implantation. Patients in group B (n=27) received simultaneous PSE after creation of TIPS. Biochemical tests, coagulation function, complete blood cell (CBC) counts, frequencies of recurrent variceal bleeding and hepatic encephalopathy (HE), and survival were evaluated. Model for end stage liver diseases (MELD) scores were calculated.

RESULTS: TIPS creation was successful in all patients. After the treatments, patients in group B had better hepatic synthetic function, increased levels of white blood cells (WBC), platelets (PLT), and hemoglobin(HGB), lower frequency of HE, lower overall and cirrhosis-related mortality than patients in group A (P<0.05), though the two groups had similar recurrent variceal bleeding frequency (P>0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that MELD scores, HE, and group were independent factors for overall and liver-related mortality at month 24 (P<0.05). No severe complications were observed in the two groups.

CONCLUSIONS: Simultaneous combined TIPS and PSE regimen improves hematologic parameters, prevents deterioration of liver function and coagulation funct