A Correlational study between Nutritional Status and Severity of Rotavirus Diarrhea in children under five years in Bandung, Indonesia

Yudith Setiati Ermaya, Dwi Prasetyo, Iesje Martiza Sabaroedin, Yati Soenarto

Abstract


AIM: Diarrheal disease is a major cause of poor nutritional status in children. Malnutrition can make a person more susceptible to infection that also contributes to malnutrition, causing a vicious cycle. Surveillance of children hospitalized for diarrhea in 3 Indonesian hospitals found 60% were rotavirus positive; and 41% were positive in outpatient clinics. The aim of this study was to measure the correlation of nutritional status with severity of rotavirus diarrhea.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study uses a cross sectional design and included all children under 5 years old, both inpatients and outpatients, who presented with acute diarrhea at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital from January 2009 through December 2012. The Vesikari Clinical Severity Scoring System was considered the measurement for severe rotavirus diarrhea. Assessment of nutritional status used anthropometric weight for height from World Health Organization (WHO) child growth standards. Categorical data were analyzed by Pearson Chi square test.

RESULTS: Among 427 children aged 1-59 months, with rotavirus seropositive stool specimens, there were 258 (60%) boys and 169 (40%) girls. Malnutrition status included “well nourished” (74%), “moderately malnourished” (23%) and “severely malnourished” (3%), while the distribution of severity for rotavirus diarrhea was “mild” (10%), “moderate” (21%) and “severe” (69%). This study showed that nutritional status had no significant correlation with severity of rotavirus diarrhea, p=0.524.

CONCLUSIONS: Nutritional status had no significant correlation with severity of rotavirus diarrhea.


Keywords


Children; Nutritional status; severity rotavirus diarrhea

References


Patwari AK. Diarrhea and malnutrition interaction. Indian J Pediatr. 1999; 66 Suppl 1: S124-134. [PMID: 11132459]

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Diarrhea: Common illness, global killer. Atlanta: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2015; online 2015-12-17, cited 2015-12-30. Available from: URL: http://www.cdc.gov/healthywater/pdf/global/ programs/globaldiarrhea508c.pdf.

WHO,UNICEF. Joint Statement on Clinical Management of Acute Diarrhoea. New York, UNICEF, 2004; online pdf, 2014-05-01, cited 2015-03-10. Available from: URL: https://www.unicef.org/publications/ index_21433.html

Onis M, Blössner M. WHO global database on child growth and malnutrition. Programme of nutrition 1997, cited 2015-04-26: 67 screens. Available from: URL: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/63750/1/WHO_NUT_97.4.pdf.

Katona P, Kantona-Apte J. The interaction between nutrition and infection. Cid Clinical Practice. 2008; 46:1582-1588. [PMID: 18419494]; [DOI: 10.1086/587658]

Soenarto Y1, Aman AT, Bakri A, Waluya H, Firmansyah A, Kadim M, Martiza I, Prasetyo D, Mulyani NS, Widowati T, Soetjiningsih, Karyana IP, Sukardi W, Bresee J, Widdowson MA . Burden of severe rotavirus diarrhea in Indonesia. JID. 2009; 20: 188-194. [PMID: 19821711]; [DOI: 10.1086/605338]

Prasetyo D, Ermaya Y, Martiza I, Yati S. Correlation between climate variations and rotavirus diarrhea in under-five children in Bandung. Asian Pac J Trop Dis. 2015; 5(11): 908-911. [DOI: 10.1016/S2222-1808(15)60955-0]

Prasetyo D, Martiza I, Soenarto Y. Surveillance of rotavirus diarrhea in Dr. Hasan Sadikin general hospital Bandung. MKB. 2010; 42(4): 155-160. [DOI: 10.15395/ mkb.v42n4.29]

Uhnoo IS, Freihorst J, Ripenhoff-Talty M, Fisher JE, Ogra PL. Effect of rotavirus infection and malnutrition on uptake of a dietary antigen in the intestine. Pediatr Res. 1990; 27(2): 153-160 .[PMID: 2314944]; [DOI: 10.1203/00006450-199002000-00014]

Brown KH. Diarrhea and malnutrition. J Nutr. 2003; 133 (1: 328S-332S. [PMID: 12514320]

Agócs MM, Serhan F, Yen C, Mwenda JM, Oliveira LHd, Teleb N, Wasley A, Wijesinghe PR, Fox K, E. Tate JE, Gentsch JR, Parashar UD, Kang G. WHO global rotavirus surveillance network: a strategic review of the first 5 years. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2014; 63(29): 634-637. [PMID: 25055187]

Talbert A, Thuo N, Karisa J, Chesaro C, Ohuma E, Ignas J, Berkley JA, Toromo C, Atkinson S, Maitland K. Diarrhoea complicating severe acute malnutrition in Kenyan children: a prospective descriptive study of risk factors and outcome. PLoS One. 2012; 7(6): e38321. [PMID: 22675542]; [PMCID: PMC3366921]; [DOI: 10.1371/ journal.pone.0038321]

Prasetyo D, Sabaroedin IM, Ermaya YS, Soenarto Y. Association between Severe Dehydration in Rotavirus Diarrhea and Exclusive Breastfeeding among Infants at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia. J Trop Med. 2015;2015:862578 [PMID: 26612990]; [PMCID: PMC4647027]; [DOI: 10.1155/2015/862578]

Lewis K. Vesikari clinical severity scoring system manual. PATH Publications, 2011: 3-17

World Health Organization and UNICEF. WHO Child Growth Standards and the Identification of Severe Acute Malnutrition in Infants and Children. A Joint Statement by the World Health Organization and the United Nations Children’s Fund. Geneva: WHO Press, 2009: 2-11. [PMID: 24809116]; [ISBN 978 92 4 159816 3]

World Health Organization. The treatment of diarrhea: A manual for physicians and other senior health workers. Geneva: WHO Press, 2005: 6-28. Available from: http://www.who.int/childadolescenthealth/NewPublications/Child_Health/ISBN_92_4159318_0.pdf. [ISBN: 9241593180]

Ahmed S, Kabir L, Rahan A, Hussain M, Khatoon S, Hannan A. Severity of rotavirus diarrhea in children: one year experience in a children hospital of Bangladesh. Iran J Pediatr. 2009; 19(2): 108-116. [ID=pe09017]

Khagayi S, Burton DC, Onkoba R, Ochieng B, Ismail A, Mutonga D, Muthoni J, Feikin DR, Breiman RF, Mwenda JM, Odhiambo F, Laserson KF High burden of rotavirus gastroenteritis in young children in rural western Kenya, 2010-2011. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2014; 33 Suppl 1: S34-40. [PMID: 24343611]; [DOI: 10.1097/INF.0000000000000 049]

Ferdous F, Das SK, Ahmed S, Farzana FD, Latham JR, Chisti MJ, Ud-Din AI, Azmi IJ, Talukder KA, Faruque AS. Severity of diarrhea and malnutrition among under five-year-old children in rural Bangladesh. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2013; 89(2): 223-228. [PMID: 23817334]; [PMCID: PMC3741240]; [DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.12-0743]

Ibrahim SB, El-Bialy AA, Mohammed MS, El-Sheikh AO, Elhewala A, Bahgat S. Detection of Rotavirus in children with acute gastroenteritis in Zagazig University Hospitals in Egypt. Electron Physician. 2015; 7(5): 1227-1233. [PMID: 26435821]; [PMCID: PMC4590557]; [DOI: 10.14661/1227]

Nitiema LW, Nordgren J, Ouermi D, Dianou D, Traore AS, Svensson L, Simpore J. Burden of rotavirus and other enteropathogens among children with diarrhea in Burkina Faso. Int J Infect Dis. 2011; 15(9): e646-652. [PMID: 21763172]; [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid. 2011.05.009]

Gupta A, Sarker G, Rout AJ, Mondal T, Pal R. Risk correlates of diarrhea in children under 5 years of age in slums of bankura, west bengal. J Glob Infect Dis. 2015 ;7(1): 23-29. [PMID: 25722616]; [PMCID: PMC4338445]; [DOI: 10.4103/0974-777X.150887]

García Roig C, Larre N, Pastene H, Gutiérrez L, Vaccaro J, Sciarrotta JA, Lepetic A, Moreno C, Ellis A. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of acute gastroenteritis according to their etiology (rotavirus or other) in children younger than 5 years old at a private institution in the city of Buenos Aires. Arch Argent Pediatr. 2013;111(3): 218-223. [PMID: 23732348]; [DOI: 10.5546/aap.2013.218]

Sarker MH, Das SK, Ahmed S, Ferdous F, Das J, Farzana FD, Shahid AS, Shahunja KM, Afrad MH, Malek MA, Chisti MJ, Bardhan PK, Hossain MI, Al Mamun A, Faruque AS. Changing characteristics of rotavirus diarrhea in children younger than five years in urban Bangladesh. PLoS One. 2014; 9(8): e105978. [PMID: 25171098]; [PMCID: PMC4149481]; [DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0105978]

Mathew MA1, Paulose A, Chitralekha S, Nair MK, Kang G, Kilgore P. Prevalence of rotavirus diarrhea among hospitalized under-five children. Indian Pediatr. 2014; 51(1): 27-31. [PMID: 24277960]


Full Text: PDF HTML

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.